How does Steinbeck prepare us for the tragic ending in ‘Of Mice and Men’ Essay

Steinbeck prepares us for the tragic ending in ‘of mice and men’ right the way through the book. Lenny is the focus of all bad things to come and is a central character in the novel. First up there was the incident in ‘Weed’ where Lenny ‘stroked a woman’s red dress’ and she accused Lenny of raping her. This shows they make a habit of running away from places and people when Lenny often gets into trouble. ‘an you ain’t gonna do no bad things like you did in weed neither’. ‘they run us outta weed’. Those things show situations for the future and also show the dire situation they are in at the present, they are fugitives with Lenny committing the crimes and George helping him to get away because of their solid companionship in which both are each others only companions. The situation in weed also shows that Lenny likes stroking anything and anyone that is soft and once he has hold of someone or an it he can’t let go. This is also shown with the mice where Lenny ‘pets’ them too hard. ‘uh-uh jus a dead mouse’. He doesn’t seem to fully understand the value of life nor regret his murders. This is not because he is malicious but because he is in fact ‘mentally ill’. His strength is beyond his control and this can create very dangerous situations for him and others around him, maybe even for-seeing murder here. The pup’s yet another example, this animal is also part of Lenny’s worrying fetish, here it is shown that he is too dangerous for even bigger animals in chapter five where he kills a pup. Lenny shows violence here towards the pups which he seems to love and have affection for, he thinks if the pup had not died (through no fault of it’s own) then George would’ve let him tend the rabbits and everything would be smiley again. All Lenny cares about is the rabbits and this predicts that maybe Lenny will do something destructive with the rabbits welfare In mind because he cares about them that much. ‘I’ll break their (anyone) god damn necks if they touch the rabbits he says defensively showing aggression. The bad mood Lenny is in sets him up to be calmed down by someone/something. Unfortunately this somebody/something appears to be Curley’s wife. Curley’s wife is another central character in the preparation of an ‘all tears’ ending, she messes things for everybody and everything, ‘I knew she’d do us in the end’ George says resignedly after her death. She doesn’t show any sign of stopping when she on her role of misery-making and it all leads up to a climax of some sort, and ending maybe to all the pain and suffering each and everybody is going through, putting their minds at rest. Curley’s wife flirts as a meaning of talking to normal people, this is because she has not talked to other females and has not obtained any other skill so far in her short life, the men don’t like her and thinks shes a tart because of this but still find her attractive and Lenny is no different in this respect, ‘she’s purty’ (pretty) he says with delight while looking at her body up and down, listening to her tender voice and looking at her silky hair, instantly she becomes an obvious unintentional target for Lenny’s animals like affections and the antics what go with this along with her ‘red dress’ and ‘red mule feathers’ which also attracts Lenny. When Curley’s wife soothes Lenny and calms him down she doesn’t know what she’s letting herself in for, she thinks he’s a harmless ‘dum-dum’. She talks to him in the first place because she is lonely and in return for listening to her Curley’s wife lets Lenny stroke her hair which in turn triggers Lenny’s ‘can’t let go approach’ and he eventually kills her. We almost knew this was going to happen before it did because it resembles the weed incident too closely. Lenny had done a ‘really bad thing’ George says. A mistake of the highest degree. The death of a human being had occurred. After this George doesn’t even consider them going on the run together, here Steinbeck spells out the end of Lenny’s life indefinitely. George knows that Lenny can’t get away with it and says ‘we can’t let him get away with it this time’ showing what’s coming up next. Lenny’s death is now inevitable, George doesn’t want Lenny to get hunted down and ‘lynched’ like a wild animal but wants Lenny to die painlessly and dignified. This calls for Gorge to take control as anyway Lenny’s death is inevitable George decides to kill Lenny himself, humanely. Candy’s dog also showed signs of what happened to people who had no use in the ranch-place of work and it got shot just like Lenny would later be. If anything was learnt by the shooting of Lenny’s dog then it would have to be not to let a stranger kill someone who you care about. George deliberately took Carlson’s Luger as he set out of to kill Lenny himself. Steinbeck also uses the scenery to prepare us for the death of Lenny, the surrounding are beautiful, day turns to dusk and everything is moving along swiftly. The wind picks up in the background and a heron takes off this signifies an event is about to take place. The reader always knew that Lenny would die at the brush because that’s the place where he would go when he got in trouble and that’s how George would find him. George sensed it was going to be needed early on in the novel again preparing us for the ending. In the end the cards mapped out the future in a sad way, while George was playing ‘solitaire’ which again signifies their loneliness playing a one man game, Lenny picks up a card and asks why the card looks the same both ways up. George replies ‘that’s jus the way they make em’. He is saying that you can’t change what is inevitable just like Lenny’s impending doom. It is ironic that Lenny asks this question and George gives the answer because that is exactly what happens in the end.

The Rights Of The Defendant In The American Criminal Justice System

The criminal justice system enforces criminal statutes through the social and legal institutions in accordance with the prescribed criminal procedure and regulations. It consists of subsystems such as the law enforcement, the judiciary, the public prosecutors and defenders, probation and parole agencies and the corrections department, and the prison institutions (Frase and Weidner, n. d. ). The criminal statutes define crimes and their respective defenses. On the other hand, criminal procedure delineates the â€Å"the stages of the criminal process from arrest through prosecution, sentencing, appeal and release from prison† (Jacobs, 2007).The criminal justice system works both in the federal and state levels. Each has its own set of criminal laws, courts, enforcement agencies and probation systems (Jacobs, 2007). The foundation of criminal procedure is the U. S. Constitution (Jacobs, 2001). Specifically the Bill of Rights is placed in the Constitution to protect the citizens f rom the vast powers of government. It grants fundamental rights and liberties to all those living in the United States (Jacobs, 2001). The defendant in a criminal prosecution is entitled the presumption of innocence.This necessarily means that the burden of proving his guilt beyond reasonable doubt rests upon the prosecution (Jacobs, 2001). The due process clause of the Constitution accorded the defendant a wide array of protections and guarantees such as giving him an opportunity to be heard. The Fifth Amendment ensures that the defendant is not tried twice or more for the same offense and by the same authority. This is the right against double jeopardy (Jacobs, 2001) Moreover, the Constitution protects the defendant by guaranteeing that he does not testify against himself or the right against self incrimination (Jacobs, 2001).The rights enumerated under the Sixth Amendment refer to the codified rights of the accused in criminal prosecutions. The rights of the defendant in criminal prosecution are: â€Å"1) right to a speedy trial; 2) right to a public trial; 3) right to a trial by jury; 4) notice of the accusation; (5) right to confront the opposing witnesses; 6) right to compulsory process for obtaining favorable witnesses; and (7) the assistance of counsel or right to counsel† (Oxford Companion, 2005). The right to a speedy trial prevents oppressive incarceration before trial and ensures defense by the accused of his cause.The right to a public trial acts as a safeguard against abuse of judicial power. Moreover, it also assures the accused that he is informed of the charges against him. This is part of due process (Oxford Companion, 2005). The right to confront opposing witnesses refers to the right of the accused to cross examine said witnesses. He is also entitled to subpoena witnesses in his behalf (Oxford Companion, 2005). Finally, the accused is also entitled to be represented by counsel or a lawyer. The Eight Amendment on the other hand proscr ibes excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments (Jacobs, 2001). The rate of crime in the U.S. is quite appalling and this is blamed on the ineffective criminal justice system. The ineffective system is due to the â€Å"adversarial character and its irrational maze of procedural technicalities. † According to Maechling, the trial is characterized by artificiality whereby it is reduced into nothing but a sport game where defense lawyers try to outwit and use technicalities against the prosecution in their tactical defense theories. Frivolous objections and dilatory tactics mar the trial. By reason of this growing recognition, authorities have started to look into the possibility of reform in the criminal justice system.Synopsis of â€Å"Gideon’s Trumpet† The book written by Anthony Lewis was inspired by the actual court case, Gideon v. Wainwright (1963). Clarence Earl Gideon was arrested for a felony in 1961 in Panama City. The felony under Florida law involved the breaking and entering the Bay Harbor pool hall. During trial before the trial court, Gideon requested for the court to appoint a lawyer to handle his defense. The judge denied his request on the ground that state law allows appointment of counsels for indigents for capital offenses and considering that the felony he was being prosecuted for is not one with a capital penalty but a misdemeanor, i.e. petty larceny; he is therefore not entitled to have a counsel appointed for him. Gideon had no choice but to represent himself. Gideon has been previously convicted of four felonies, homeless and destitute. He had only the education of an eighth grader. He conducted his trial and lost. He was sentenced to imprisonment of five years. Subsequently, he applied for a writ of habeas corpus before the state Supreme Court based on the alleged violation of his rights under the federal Constitution. This was denied.He filed his five-page Petition for Certiorari directed at the Supreme Court of Florida requesting for the Court to take cognizance of his case. He also filed an application to litigate in forma pauperis. His main argument was that his â€Å"conviction violated the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. † He claimed that when he was deprived the right to counsel during a trial for a felony, it was tantamount to depriving him his right to due process of the law. The Supreme Court of U. S. granted Gideon’s petition and the judgment of conviction was reversed and remanded to the Supreme Court of Florida.In so doing, the ruling in the case of Betts v. Brady and Progeny was overturned. In the Betts case, Court ruled that â€Å"the appointment of counsel is not a fundamental right essential to a fair trial† [316 U. S. 455 (1942)]. It laid down the principle that the right to be represented by counsel is not necessary in state cases involving non capital offenses except in special circumstances. In Gideon, the Court i n abandoning the Betts reasoning ruled that the right to assistance of counsel is imperative, basic and fundamental and the Fourteenth Amendment requires that the same be available and applicable in state courts.Synopsis of â€Å"The Onion Field† This book was written by Joseph Wambaugh. The novel is about the two felony car officers who patrolled the side streets of Hollywood and Sunset Boulevard. Ian Campbell was breaking in Karl Hettinger, who was newly assigned to felony cars. In the evening of March 9, 1963, both were patrolling and noticed a suspicious 1946 Ford. Both decided to check it out. The two men in the Ford were responsible for the robberies in the area. Powell exited the car and poked a gun at Campbell while Smith exited the passenger side.Hettinger was asked to hand his gun to Smith and both cops were forced to get in the Ford. Campbell at gunpoint drove the Ford while Hettinger laid flat on the floor of the backseat. They were assured that they would be rele ased when they get to the remote area so that it would take time for them to get help. After driving for sometime, they stopped and both were asked to get out of the car. Powell fired at Campbell and hit him in his mouth. Hettinger ran to the field while he heard four more shots. Both culprits were apprehended and went through custodial investigation. Both pointed to each other as to who shot Campbell.After many years of dilatory motions, appeals and lengthy trials, both were found guilty and sentenced to death in 1967. Since death penalty was abolished in the early 1970s, their sentences were commuted to life. Discussion and Analysis The main theme of Gideon’s is that society must protect a person charged with an offense. The rights and liberties afforded to him by the law and the Constitution must be strictly observed and enforced. The accused must be presumed innocent until proven guilty and he must be afforded the right to have counsel because this is part of the right to due process.The study of law requires knowledge, skill and experience in trial proceedings. Even an educated and intelligent man who is not properly educated and trained in law is considered incompetent and unable to defend himself. Courts are created to punish and deprive the guilty of their liberties through imprisonment and other imposable penalties. Thus, it is imperative that if a person is charged with an offense in court he must be able to put a defense and be heard by a properly trained counsel. To deprive him of this would be tantamount to depriving him of due process and would render nugatory the basic tenets of the Bill of Rights.A person charged of an offense would need the expertise of a counsel so that he does not risk himself of being convicted even if he be innocent simply because he does not know how to establish his innocence. More so an uneducated man, a feeble minded person or an indigent. Consequently, it becomes the duty of the court to appoint counsel so that such person may not be denied due process of law as guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. The central theme in â€Å"The Onion Field† is that the defendants brought to trial are guilty already.It also justifies the use of deadly force by the police to achieve their ends so that it can serve to prevent crime. It also portrays the weakness of the legal system when it can be manipulated to prolong and lengthen the trial by legal tactics and dilatory measures by the defense which further victimized the cop who survived the crime—Hettinger. He was asked to relive and testify over and over again the details of the incident. The courts have been overly protective of the rights of the defendants that it defeats the very ends of a peaceful and safer society. Similarly, there are two models of criminal law that are subject of heated debates.Central to this controversy is rooted from the goals of the criminal justice system; firstly, the need to enforce and implement the laws to maintain peace and social order and secondly, the need to protect people from being victims of injustice. The first goal is the crime control model, as developed by Herbert Packer in 1960s while the second is the due process model (Schmalleger, 1999). The crime control model has placed its priority upon arrest, prosecution and conviction of criminals. This model supports and justifies all acts of the police and prosecution on an all out war against crime.This includes profiling, sting operations, patrolling areas that are high risk and the like. It entails aggressive identification, pursuit, isolation and prosecution of the criminals. This model allows collateral damage or acceptable losses even if this be a human life (Perron, n. d. ). For instance, a 75-year old minister was handcuffed during a raid on drugs. He suffered and died of a heart attack. Later it turned out that the informant gave a wrong apartment number. The minister is considered a collateral damage in the war aga inst drugs (Perron, n. d. ).Moreover, the crime control model assumes the defendant is already guilty even before trial. In the book, ‘The Onion Field’ the investigating police officers already assumed that Powell and Smith are guilty of the crimes for which they were being investigated even before their trial. This can be seen from Smith’s apprehension when he was thrown to the floor of his bedroom and shouted at by the apprehending officers as a cop-killer. Due to countless motions and re-trials, Hettinger was made to relive and recount his ordeal. He was on moral trial by his colleagues.He resigned and got involved in petty thefts and was never the same again. Hettinger was the collateral damage. The Due Process Model focuses on protecting the rights and liberties of the defendant in criminal prosecutions. Perron, a certified criminal investigator claims that â€Å"the due process model demands a careful and informed consideration of the facts of each individ ual case. According to this model, law enforcement agents must recognize the rights of suspects during arrest, questioning, and handling. In addition, constitutional guarantees must be considered by judges and prosecutors during trials.The primary mission of the due process model is to protect innocent people from wrongful conviction. † This model is guided by the principle that it is better to release guilty persons than to prosecute and incarcerate an innocent person. It recognizes the innocence of the accused before conviction and therefore prescribes as an imperative the observance and respect to the rights of persons during criminal prosecutions. It protects the rights of an individual first and foremost since the rights of one represent the rights of the many (Perron, n. d. ).The book, â€Å"Gideon’s Trumpet† may illustrate the due process model. The case was heard at the time when the Betts principle was controlling. This means that the accused can only be appointed a counsel in case where he is charged with a capital offense. The Supreme Court overturned this dictum and laid down a principle that indigent defendants in all criminal prosecutions must be given the right to assisted by counsel otherwise this will be a denial of his right to due process. Gideon’s upholds the rights of the accused in criminal prosecutions and considers him innocent until proven guilty.To a certain extent, the book ‘The Onion Field’ illustrates also a due process model principle in that the numerous trials and hearings manifested a system that allowed due process or the right of the accused to be heard and present his own evidence during trial. For the law enforcement, the due process model only frustrates and delays the elimination of crime in the society. It is claimed that observance of the rights of the accused only lengthens the process of putting the criminal behind bars. It protects the guilty at the expense of innocent individu als.On the other hand, advocates of due process model believe that crime control model is prone to commit errors that result consequently in the conviction of the innocent. They believe that it is too harsh and believes in the philosophy of a police state (Perron, n. d. ). Conclusion These two models are susceptible to being reconciled and rationalized. As proposed by a noted criminologist Frank Scmalleger in his book, Criminal Justice Today claimed that the American criminal justice system works as a ‘crime control through due process. ’ According to him, this new model balances the different strengths and weaknesses of the previous two models.It harnesses the strong points of each model and avoids their respective pitfalls. This means that law enforcement strategies to control crime and apprehend criminals can continue under the philosophy of still brining the defendant to court for prosecution. Although evidence may be gathered as to prove factual guilt still the jud iciary is left with the role of establishing legal guilt. The greatest challenge that is facing the criminal justice system is finding balance between the rights of the defendant in criminal prosecutions and the interest of the people in the society to impose punishment on the guilty.As between the crime control model and the due process model, I would prefer to live in the due process model of criminal justice. The United States symbolizes stability and democracy and its Constitution as the bedrock of society. Advocating crime control model would mean the higher risk of violations of civil liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and the principles embodied in the Declaration of Independence of our forefathers. All men are created equal with unalienable rights in seeking life, liberty and happiness. By leaving to the power and discretion of the police and law enforcement, the prerogative to adjudge guilt i.e. factual guilt would mean leaving the decision to curtailing freedom and l iberties in the hands of men who are not properly trained to seek legal guilt. It would also mean that rules in determining factual guilt may be relative and subjective unlike if this was determined in accordance with laws and judicial pronouncements based on jurisprudence and sound judicial principles. In order to keep order and peace in a society, laws are to be observed with uniformity and with a clear and informed consideration of the facts before one is convicted.The due process model makes use of an objective and just standards of determination of guilt or innocence rather than one that may be subjective and error prone. References Frase, R. and Weidner, R. â€Å"Criminal justice system – structural and theoretical components of criminal justice systems, the systems in operation, the importance of viewing criminal justice as a system. † American Law and Legal Information web site Crime and Justice vol. 1. Retrieved on November 19, 2007, from http://law. jrank. or g/pages/858/Criminal-Justice-System. html. Jacobs, J.â€Å"Criminal justice in the United States: A primer,† American Studies Journal, 2007 Special Edition, No. 49. Retrieved on November 19, 2007, from http://asjournal. zusas. uni-halle. de/76. html. Jacobs, J. , â€Å"Issues of Democracy,† 2001. Retrieved on November 9, 2007, from http://usinfo. state. gov/journals/itdhr/0701/ijde/jacobs. htm. Lewis, A. , Gideon’s Trumpet, (New York: Random House, Inc. , 1964. Maechling, Jr. , C. , â€Å"The crisis of an American criminal justice† 1996. Retrieved on November 20, 2007, from http://www. cosmos-club. org/web/journals/1996/maechling.html Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States, â€Å"Sixth Amendment† (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005). Peak, K. , Justice Administration, third edition 2001, Prentice Hall. Perron, B. ‘The crime control and due process models’ The Criminal Defense Training Council. Retrieved on Novemb er 21, 2007, from http://www. defenseinvestigator. com/article10. html#_ftnref4 Schmalleger, F. , Criminal Justice Today, fifth edition, Prentice Hall 1999. Wambaugh, F. , The Onion Field, London: Quercus 21 Bloomsbury Square, 2007 edition.

750 Word Essay

George Strait was born on May 18, 1952 in Poteet, Texas. George’s father, John Strait, was a junior high school math teacher and his mother was a homemaker. George was in fourth grade when his mother and father divorced. George grew up with only his brother and their father taking care of them. After high school, George eloped to Mexico with his high school sweetheart. When they got back, their families made them have a small ceremony for family and friends to make it really official. George enlisted and began serving in the army in 1971. While in the military he was stationed in Hawaii for three years. Norma moved to Hawaii to be with George. In 1972 George and Norma had their first child, Jenifer who died in a car accident at the age of 13. George taught himself how to play the guitar while in the army, playing country music from hit artists like Merle Haggard, George Jones, Hank Williams, and Bob Wills and His Texas Playboys. He started a band that only lasted two months. George found out that the commanding officer was auditioning groups to entertain the base. George was hired and didn’t have to wear a uniform and got to wear western style clothing. After being honorably discharged from the army in 1975, Strait went back to college and got a degree in agriculture. During and after college George played in a band for different bars and honkytonks. This band was known as The Ace in the Hole. George joined this band after seeing their advertisement at college. One of the band member’s grandfather was Pappy Daily who was the manager of George Jones. George began playing for more and more bars and honkytonks. This started his singing career. Don Daily encouraged George and the band to come and record a demo to distribute to record companies. George played at The Prairie Rose (whose owner was Erv Woolsey until he sold it). Erv went back to Nashville and got a job as the promotions head at MCA Records. George went to Nashville and played some songs for promos, but nothing seemed to click. He kept going back and forth from Texas to Nashville with nothing to show for it for the next four years. In 1979 he almost gave up on his dream of becoming a country music singer and signed up for a job working for an outfit in Uvalde, Texas that designed cattle pens. Norma didn’t like George moping around, so she told him to give it another try. He decided to give it one more year. In 1980 George went and talked to Erv Woolsey, and they formed a plan that George would come and record three songs. With the three songs they started shopping for a record deal. Finally, he hit it with MCA Records. When George finally started his career he was considered the hat act, so in the 1990’s every guy in country music tried the cowboy hat. In early country music, cowboy hats weren’t in high fashion, but with George Strait it became a signature style in country music and that led to George being known as the original hat act. In 1981 he released his first single, â€Å"Unwound. † That same year George and Norma had another child: George Harvey Strait, Jr. (Bubba). George then followed â€Å"Unwound† up with number one hits like â€Å"Fool Hearted Memory† and â€Å"Ocean Front Property† time and time again. In 1984, George was announced Top Male Vocalist for Academy of Country Music. In 1985, George was announced Male Vocalist of The Year and had the Album of The Year for the Country Music Association (CMA) and Academy of Country Music (ACM). In 1986 he won Male Vocalist of The Year again for the CMA’s. In 1986 and 1987 he was Top Country Artists for Billboards. In 1988 George won Top Male Vocalist again for the ACM’s. George continued to win these awards year after year until 1990. In 1990 George became Entertainer of the Year, the award he wanted most. He won the award again in 2000. In 1992 George starred in the movie Pure Country. In the opening song to the movie, â€Å"Heartland,† his son, Bubba, sings the beginning of the song and the vocals fades into George Sr. singing the rest of the song. Even though the movie wasn’t as big as his music, the soundtrack to the movie was considered his best album ever. He still continues to produce number one hits and records. In 2006, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. George was announced as Artist of the Decade in 2009. George has had the best track record for country music in history. On February 2, 2012 George became a grandfather with his grandson becoming George Harvey Strait, III. George will be ending his touring career after his The Cowboy Rides Away Tour in 2014, but will still be making and recording country music. George Strait has 59 number one hit records and is known as a living legend and the â€Å"King of Country Music. † I choose to do this paper for the final because I thought it was stronger than my 1500 word paper. This paper to me had more meaning and I was interested in it more than the other one. With this paper I have been given the opportunity to send it to George Strait, himself, to have it signed. I think this paper is going to help me out for a contest to win tickets to one of his shows. This paper has more meaning for me since I am such a big fan.

Leadership in Ambulance Services Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 5

Leadership in Ambulance Services - Term Paper Example It needs to exercise discretion when transferring patients to primary trusts or hospitals across the City of London because it is one of the parties responsible for overcrowding in health institutions. It is a known fact that demand for LAS service fluctuates between seasons. Sometimes the institution may be overwhelmed with calls from various parts of the City. It is tempting for employees to simply follow the usual routine when dealing with rising demand. This creates a backlog in corresponding hospitals. Workers need to think of new ways to deal with overwhelming demand. Additionally, funding for acute services from the NHS has been reducing dramatically over the past few years. Therefore, the LAS cannot respond to this issue by using resource-intensive approaches. It is only possible to minimize patient waiting times at hospitals and other partner institutions through alternative methods of response. One such strategy is the Clinical Telephone Advice method, which will be the focus of this change management process (Snooks et. al., 2004). In order to ensure that members of the ambulance service understand the implications of this problem, they will be told about it by their respective supervisors. Each leader will be responsible for ensuring that employees understand why the status quo cannot prevail. They are likely to understand the implications of this when they realize that they are doing too much already. Workers will welcome the opportunity to reduce the backlog in corresponding health institutions through this approach. Furthermore, senior leaders will also be expected to demonstrate the same urgency by pointing out the need for alternate methods of response.   It is not possible to lead this change process alone. As a leader, one cannot develop the vision for change single-handedly.

CASES IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CASES IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Competition, including McDonalds, Wendy’s and Burger King, has been opening business in South American countries of Chile, Argentina and Brazil, while KFC intends to focus on Mexico (De Wit & Meyer 916). A major issue in the expansion of franchising is the disconnection between the management and the franchisees: the latter feels that the management does not understand the chicken business and is not aware of the way fast food restaurants are run. In the past, this has impacted sales as well as customers. Case in point is the strategy of the company to distance itself from its Southern deep fried legacy in favor of healthier cooking options such as grilling. Helm (2010) writes that this strategy is actually hurting the brand and the traditional customers. However, there is an increasing number of people in the US and in countries where the company operates who are opting for healthier options, mostly refraining from deep fried fast foods. This creates a big dilemma for the company as it does not have anything to offer this growing group of consumers. Another issue is the management of franchise cost of KFC, which is currently quite high, taking into account the increased food items prices and inflationary pressures in potential markets. The company needs to open doors in more locations after detailed research and testing. This testing should include culture testing to establish better pricing strategies in conjunction with local franchisees; besides, the company must be more locally entrenched. Traditionally, KFC has opted for a standard franchising strategy wherein standard menus and services have been offered to consumers irrespective of country or region. Competition such as McDonalds, however, has made effort to rework on its tactics to make them more culturally entrenched and local. This means that the policy of standardization must not be used extensively, except for standards of

Discussion Questions Week 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Discussion Questions Week 5 - Essay Example They select fruit juice. Passing the grocery shelves to explore options, the consumer sees fruit juice on the Sunshine label and picks up the bottle only to realize in the post-purchase situation that the product did not fulfill their needs. The ethical problem in this situation is one of being misled and the company should reconsider new positioning tactics which are low cost and easy to incorporate. Instead of focusing on the product’s attributes, a new positioning tactic should be decided which focuses less on the product and more on quality. Rather than calling Sunshine a fruit juice, it could be marketed as a quality fruit juice substitute to undo any negative public relations damage done by the consumer and government groups. In this situation it was probably not an intentional deception, however the company does maintain the responsibility to be as truthful as possible to avoid losing customers and reputation. Technology impacts marketing in a variety of ways, including how quickly the marketing message can be received by the consumer as well as how many consumers can be reached. For example, in a form of mass advertising, e-mail and mobile handset devices can target willing buyers who have already shown an interest in the product by signing up for auto promotional alerts. Those consumers who might have visited the company’s website can receive exclusive coupons, as another positioning strategy, to build loyalty in a way that the bricks-and-mortar sales environment could not. Technology also impacts methods and activities of distribution, as new software programs designed to enhance internal warehousing functions can minimize labor costs associated in the supply chain or any other number of cost reductions. More efficient external partners can minimize the risks and costs of marketing. This is an important improvement when marketing budget is on the line. From a business to business view, technology such as the VoIP, or voice

People in Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

People in Organizations - Essay Example standing of the way people would react to a ‘change’ scenario and as to what their reactions would be in the wake of closing certain offices and more than that putting an end to their jobs. This brings to light the situation at NIC. The key issues which could be had in the wake of Gloria Barker’s initiatives are bringing a sense of change within the attitudes of the people as they must know that this change is for their own betterment, both in the short term scenario as well as in the long run. They must be told that these initiatives will bring in the much needed stability for the operations of the organization as well as provide incentives to the employees in different forms. However this is a totally different matter altogether that the people who are told to leave their jobs, as the offices coming under the direct hold of NIC close, will have a sense of resentment which is quite understandable but within the global contexts of a changing business climate, this is all the more common at the present. The key issues also bring to light the aspect of ‘Building the New NIC’ which is a philosophy that needs strenuous thinking and action to back up the very mindset which has been developed as a result of the same. This asks of the management culture to bring about an environment which is full of positive attitude since this is much needed at the end of the day. People must be motivated enough in their job to adopt the changing regime because if the same is missing, then there is little room for improvement within the changing culture of the organization. (Gellerman, 1968) Also the role of Human Resources Department is of essence since it must cut down on the traditional mindset that it has had of late and give up the same for the contemporary office climate as the latter will bring in employees who are better equipped to handle tasks and more learned than are present within the realms of NIC at the current stage. It will also motivate and encourage the

Nursing Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nursing Ethics - Essay Example Every professional nurse should have a clear understanding of her nursing philosophy and values, professional requirements and responsibilities. All aspects of nursing (e.g. education, practice, management and research) have a profound ethical dimension. The ethical and moral dimension is distinguished from other dimensions of nursing by the inherent moral demands. Quality assurance has become a leading goal of health care delivery, the effect of public alarm over the high cost of care and the aim of offering the best care. The concept of caring is one of the most important and unique because it goes back to ancient times and determines the nature of nursing profession. The term caring means "nurturing and loving support of a person" (Yoder-Wise 2005, p. 7). The concept of nursing that has been evolving throughout the ages has not yet reached its fullest maturity. It continues to grow and develop to include widening spheres of nursing service and practice and expanding functions. Nursing has its origin in the mother-care of helpless infants and must have coexisted with this type of care from earliest times. Frequently this referred to a woman who suckled a child who was not her own, that is, a wet nurse. The maternal instinct provided that strong impulse or motive necessary to care for those who were suffering or helpless. Consequently, the nurse as a loving mother who intuitively comforts and renders care continues to be a popular image (Burns and Grove 2005). The parental instinct more accurately des cribes this strong motive and is present in both sexes of all races and within different age-groups. This concept reflects individual-nurse relations and importance of strict values and moral rules in this profession (Yoder-Wise 2005). The ethical and moral dimension is a care of nursing profession. Healthcare ethics is based on philosophical ideas go back to ancient time. Philosophy, no less than medicine, was transformed in the early modern period under the impact of science, and researchers might see the existence of "moral philosophy" as such as consequent on the cultural changes brought about by the scientific revolution. Introducing as they did a comprehensive secular version of the world, the modern sciences created a demand for a secular version of the ethical doctrines previously encoded within religion. This dimension is closely connected with concepts of health and wellbeing, an individual and society. Values are defined as 'broad tendency to prefer certain states of affairs over others' (Thomasma 2004, p. 8). Ethics means 'a set of moral and ethical principles which determine right and wrong actions' (Thomasma 2004, p. 10). For a nurse, medical ethics raises the question of how her activities affect the behavior of individuals and the values of society, and concerns important ethical questions about the role of medical staff in the management process and healthcare delivery. Heifetz explains ethics as a mixture of morals, customs and values, and laws: Moral issues arise whenever human action or inaction affects others. Customs and values reflect the moral underpinning of a society. Morality speaks to what is right or wrong in human relationships, how we should treat others and how others ought to treat us,

Marks and spencer assignment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marks and spencer assignment - Coursework Example In the consolidated statement of financial position of M&S, the company have many subsidiaries or associate companies. However, when the consolidated cash flows are analysed, they reflect ‘acquisition of subsidiaries’ amounting to 5.4 million pounds in 2010. Operating segments-IFRS 8 Marks & Spencer Group Plc adopted International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 8- operating segments on 29 March 2009. This Standard requires the internal reporting should be used as a base to report the performance of operating segments of an entity. The Group has reshaped its operating segments as UK and International and their performance is reviewed by the executive directors. On the basis of review, the chief executives ascertain the amount of the further resources. The UK segment comprises of the UK franchise operations and UK retail business. The International segment operates in the Republic of Ireland, Asia and Europe, together with international franchise operations. In the ye ar of 2009 and 2010, the Group made revenue of 8164.3 and 8567.9 billion pounds from UK operations respectively, and from the International segment, the Group posted 897.8 and 968.7 billion pounds in the year 2009 and 2010 respectively. Analysis The Group has shown less attractive financial performance. The above financial information suggests that the company earns more than 90% its revenue from its UK segment and the remaining comes from the International segment. Aggregately, much of the financial performance can be evaluated from the UK segment. In comparing the UK segment revenue of 2009 and 2010, the aggregate addition is around 403.6 (8567.9-8164.3), which is 4.94%. Also, there are no attractive figures of 2010, highlighting a stable growth in UK clothing and footwear. In terms of volume market share, only 11.2% in 2010 and the same figure was displayed in the year 2009. Furthermore, in terms of value market share, the growth percentage of 2010 is 11.0% and 10.7% in the year 2009. Without any doubt, such growth figures do not satisfy the current shareholders, nor could they attract the potential shareholders. The unattractive figures are also reported in UK market share food, in 2010 M&S posted mere 3.8 % in comparison with 3.9% in the year 2009. Instead of showing growth, in the UK market share of food segment, M&S has decreased and market share is slightly down (Kantar world panel, web).This means in the year of 2010, the company has only shown such a minimum level of revenue growth. Additionally, from the International segment the aggregate growth 70.9(968.7-897.8), which is 7.89%. Even this growth rate is not as attractive as it should be. Goodwill-impairment The Group does not amortise goodwill. However, it ensures that each year goodwill is tested for the purpose of impairment with the recoverable amount. And the recoverable amount is calculated from value in use. The Group uses the discount rate, changes in income and costs and growth rates as th e key assumptions for the value in use calculations. Additionally, the Group prepares forecasts of discounted cash flows. They are prepared with the use of previous financial performance and predications for future developments in market for a period of three years. Cash flow occurring beyond this time period; are assessed and extrapolated with the use of a growth rate of 2% on the assumption that it must not increase more than the long-term average growth rate for the Group’s retail businesses. However, the Group owns certain brands and they are

Civil Rights Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil Rights Paper - Essay Example First-hand accounts of the Civil Rights Movement are common. They provide a superb window into the United States of the time. One of the things that make America such a strange country is that it was founded as a beacon of liberty, and was indeed the freest country in the world for much of the 18th and 19th centuries—if you were white. The flip side was that millions of Americans were slaves—treated like objects or animals. How could this dichotomy exist during this time in American history? The answer is that it could not continue to exist—it would be destroyed by the Civil War. While many Americans lament the loss of life during the Civil War and the destruction wrought by the dispute, the truth is that there was a glorious side to the War. It set millions of people free. One of the great predictors of this was John Quincy Adams. He was a president in the 1820s and died before the war began. Nevertheless, his first-hand account of what slavery meant to the Unit ed States is a very important aspect of our understanding of the United States at this time. In his memoirs he wrote: If slavery be the destined sword of the hand of the destroying angel which is to sever the ties of this Union, the same sword will cut in sunder the bonds of slavery itself. A dissolution of the Union for the cause of slavery would be followed by a servile war in the slave-holding States, combined with a war between the two severed portions of the Union. It seems to me that its result might be the extirpation of slavery from this whole continent; and, calamitous and desolating as this course of events in its progress must be, so glorious would be its final issue, that, as God shall judge me, I dare not say that it is not to be desired (Haysville). An account such as this one really breathes new life into our understanding of the precursor to Civil Rights Movement. In his memoir, Adams shows us just what America should be and what a cancer slavery and racism truly are . Without this kind of language it would be hard to grasp the full dimensions of the conflict that would come—both the Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement. Flash forward to the 1960s. A hundred years have passed since the slaves were emancipated and yet little has truly changed. African Americans cannot vote and have few rights. Something must be done about this situation. And so the Civil Rights movement was born. This was a gathering of millions of Americans who believed that the promise of American has not yet been fulfilled. They came from all backgrounds and races and they all believed in the worth of their country and themselves. They believed that America should truly be a beacon for freedom. Their leader was Martin Luther King Jr., a man whose speeches and writings provide an excellent view of this incredible historical movement. Few men left us much of a mark on the movement as Martin Luther King Jr. King Jr. is famously known today as a great speaker, but his wo rds are more than great rhetoric, they are a depiction of a whole era and the soul of the movement. We understand from just a few sentences what the Movement means to the country, when in a Birmingham jail, King says: You deplore the demonstrations taking place in Birmingham. But

The Crucible - a directors view Essay Example for Free

The Crucible a directors view Essay I am going to make a very good director as I have a very good understanding of the background of the play. I have studied the Crucible very well and have collected information about Arthur Miller who wrote the play. Although the story was written in the 1950s we can still identify the similarities between the 1950s America and 2004 America. Arthur Miller felt what was happening in America at the time was similar to it. However the play Crucible is about the paranoia in a village called Salem. In America during the time the McCarthy Era was happening McCarthy black-listed people meaning prevented people from getting jobs if they refused to show up trials or if he decided that they were a communist. This is quite similar to what happens in Salem as there were also witch trials in Salem because if people were odd or an outcast in the village then they would be singled out and put on trial for being a witch. On the other hand I also think that this has some similarities to what Hitler did to the Jewish people as he killed innocent Jews callously because the only reason being that they were Jewish. However in the Crucible if a person was seen as a witch then they would be killed immediately. As an illustration of my style as a director, I would like to draw your attention to the beginning of Act four. In the scene where Proctor refuses to sign and confess so he therefore gets hanged. All the characters present in this scene are Proctor, Hathorne, Danforth, Elizabeth, Parris and Hale. My directing advice to actor Proctor is to speak with more self-importance and self-infatuation just to show people that he stands up for what he believes is right without any fear. Elizabeth should have a sad face filled with nervousness and almost close to tears. Hale should act desperate to show his concern about the situation, whereas Danforth should act self-centred with an attitude to give the people the expression that he is an impenetrable horrible man. Music for certain scenes will be composed by an illustrious composer which will stimulate the emotions. However the music for this scene should be quiet and sad but with a sense of tension for people to start guessing as to what would happen next. This will therefore show how Elizabeth and Hale feel about what Proctor is going through and also how Proctor is heartbreaking and depressed about being hanged. The time of day he gets hanged will be dawn but a flash of darkness should come over Proctor when he is told to be hanged which will therefore give the scene a tense feeling. The next example of my directing is the scene where Tituba and Sarah think that they are being moved to Barbados when they are really being moved to another cell. The characters present in this scene are Herrick and Hopkins. Tituba should be able to perform in a convincing Jamaican accent all the way through. Herrick and Hopkins should act in a persuasive style with a convincing accent. Theres not going to be a lot of props used and so there would be a feeling of space on stage and therefore it wont be clustered. However there will be two cells as they are going to be moved from one cell to another. There will be a table and a chair with a lamp on top of the table. The music composed will be silence music to show the effect that things are changing. There will be a sad music when they are changing cells to show that they dont like the idea of being moved and also to have a good impact. In this scene, when people are talking spot lights will be put on them so that the audience will be able to see their facial expressions like for example the audience will be able to see how Tituba and Sarah are feeling through their facial expressions. One more example of my directing is when Elizabeth is being bought into the court while Proctor is being questioned. This scene is on the subject of Proctor trying to save his wife Elizabeth whilst Hale tries to persuade Elizabeth to get Proctor to confess. The characters present in this scene are Elizabeth, Danforth, Hale and Hathorne. The only advice to be given is to have persuasive facial expressions and also know how to answer questions when put under anxiety. The only props used are chains which will be used when Elizabeth is being bought into the court to show the audience the effect of her power being a witch. The sound effects will show how Elizabeth is really feeling about being told to persuade Proctor to confess. Spot lights will also be used on her to show her facial expressions. Therefore as you can see, I have a great understanding of the play Crucible and so would make a superior director. I assure that the play if directed by me would become one of the most popular plays as it would be a play full of life and so most people would want to watch it. Although I have many more high-quality ideas, the examples I have given so far were just brief samples of my work. However if I am given the chance to direct this play I would surely make this play an unforgettable play!

Chem Notes Igcse Essay Example for Free

Chem Notes Igcse Essay Giant Covalent Structures There are 2 examples of Giant covalent structures: Diamond Graphite They are both  allotropes  of carbon, meaning they are  both different  types of the physical  form of Carbon. Diamond Structure: Giant covalent  lattice  of carbon atoms. Each Carbon atom is bonded to 4 others which tetrahedrally surround the atom. They have a  high melting point  as a large amount of heat energy is needed to break their bonds. They are  unable  to conduct electricity as they have no free mobile  electrons to carry the current. Diamond is very  hard  as there are many bonds within the substance. It is the hardest natural substance and is often used in drilling. Graphite Structure: Arranged in  layers  of atoms. Each carbon atom is joined to 3 others, leaving one outer shell electron on each carbon is free to move and able to cary the current. Therefore, they are able to conduct electricity. Graphite also has a high melting point for the same reasons as diamond. However, it is not hard like diamond but in fact very soft. There are weak forces between  the  layers of atoms. They  are able to slide over each other and therefore able to act as a lubricant. Covalent Bonding Definition:  When an atom shares one or more pairs of electrons between atoms to obtain the electronic configuration of a noble gas. Covalent bonds appear in  non-metals  and create  molecules. They can even appear in atoms of the same element,  H2. Molecule:  Two or more atoms  chemically  bonded together. The covalently bonded atoms are held together by  strong attraction  between the  bonding pair of electrons  and the  nuclei  of the atoms. Covalent bonds can be classified into  two  groups:  simple molecular  structures   giant covalent  structures Simple molecular Structures: They have low melting/boiling points due  to the fact that  there  are  weak  intermolecular forces of attraction. Although, they do have strong covalent bonds. Therefore, they need less heat energy to overcome and break the weak bonds. Some substances  sumblime  under heating. i. e. They turn directly into a gas from a solid. Giant molecular Structures:  See post on giant Molecular structures , Ionic Bonding Definition:  The transfer of one or more electrons between 1 atom to another Why? To obtain the electronic configuration of a noble gas. This  is because noble gases are inert/very unreactive. If an atom  loses  an electron then the atom will form a  positive  ion. This is because there are now more protons than electrons in the atom. If an atom  gains  an electron, the atom forms a  negative  ion as there are now more electrons than protons in the atom. The  charge  of an ion is related to where the element’s position is in the periodic table.

Humanistic language teaching

Humanistic language teaching Argumentative Essay A beneficial method: Humanistic Language Teaching Nowadays, a great variety of teaching methods and techniques are known and used in the fields of universal education and language teaching. Although all of them aspire to make students and teachers efforts successful, each of them does it in a slightly different way, namely, by concentrating on various components of the learning process. Humanistic language teaching is a complex teaching method that aims to develop students basic language skills and inner self, at the same time. Although some experts claim that humanistic language teaching is inappropriate for language acquisition, in my opinion, it is highly beneficial for students for various reasons. First of all, humanistic methods are more useful and motivating for students than other methodologies that only aim the requirement of essential language skills. Humanistic strategies provide an opportunity for students to become acquainted with and to practice a diversity of language usages. Thus, students are not only provided with extended language competence, but they are also enabled to react upon various real-life situations in a functionally and socially appropriate way (Frank and Rinvolucri, as cited in Atkinson, 1989). Moreover, humanistic activities can greatly contribute to students motivation. While practicing classical language skills, extra information which is important for self-investigation is gained; and, as Reid (as cited in Arnold, 1998, p. 236) formulates, students are motivated by self-discovery and by the control such knowledge brings. Secondly, humanistic-type language classes promote the development of students personality and self-awareness, and they have a positive impact on learners cognition. By educating the whole person, humanistic methods aim to develop both the cognitive and the affective dimensions, in terms of self-awareness and personality (Moskowitz, as cited in Stevik, 1998). Having more self-knowledge is highly beneficial to students, because, according to Sokrates, introspection is one of the most important sources of wisdom. Furthermore, a self that has realized its own inner qualities may have a better relationship with its surrounding (Arnold, 1998).   According to Moskowitz (as cited in Stevik, 1990), such a self-actualizing person can be characterized by a very positive personality. They are creative, spontaneous, have a great sense of empathy and responsibility, and have something to live for. Although opponents of humanistic language teaching state that there is no correlation between affe ct and effect, a great amount of neurobiological and pragmatic research contradicts this statement. As an illustration, John Schumanns brain based model of language acquisition shows that in the brain, emotion and cognition are distinguishable but inseparable. Therefore, from a neural perspective, affect is an integral part of cognition (as cited in Arnold, 1998, p. 239). Finally, humanistic language teaching develops students emotional intelligence, which enables them to live a successful and useful social life. Emotional intelligence, in Golemans (as cited in Arnold, 1998, p. 237) interpretation, comprises certain abilities and skills which can be taught to children, in order to give them a better chance to use their intellectual potential. The incorporation of the development of skills, like co-operation, empathy, and respect, in the curriculum, makes a contribution to a students better understanding and handling of awkward situations. In addition, people with greater emotional intelligence are beneficial to the humankind as a whole, because they are the ones who can deal most successfully with the problems of modern society (Arnold, 1998). To sum up, humanistic language teaching is not a method without criticism; however, it is highly beneficial to students intellectual and affective development. Through humanistic strategies, one can achieve not only extended language competence, but also a great variety of social skills, which makes a great contribution to ones success and prosperity in real life. References Arnold, J. (1998). Towards more humanistic English teaching. ELT Journal, 52(3), 235-242. Atkinson, D. (1989). Humanistic approaches in the adult classroom: an affective reaction. ELT Journal, 43(4), 268-273. Stewick, E. W. (1990). Humanism. In   Humanism in Language Teaching (pp 21-33). East Kilbridge, Scotland: Oxford University Press.

The Idiot Savant Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Idiot Savant   Ã‚  Ã‚   An idiot savant is defined as a person who is incredibly adept at one particular skill but is completely incapable in other aspects of life such as learning, reading, writing and decision making. The term idiot savant was applied to people with this disorder in 1887 by Dr. J. Langdon Down. The term idiot savant is basically an oxymoron. "Idiot" means someone who is in a class of people with an IQ less than 25, and "savant" comes from French and literally means "learned one." People can be born idiot savants, or it can be acquired later in life, even as late as adulthood. The major mystery with idiot savants is that they don't learn the knowledge they have, they just mysteriously have it.    Many people who are idiot savants are autistic. Approximately ten percent of people with autistic disorder have some savant skills. Only one percent of people with other forms of mental disability have savant skills. However, since other forms of mental disability are more common than autism, it turns out that fifty percent of idiot savants have au...

Sophia Loren :: Star Hollywood Actress Biography Loren Essays

Sophia Loren It has been said that Sophia Loren was and is one of the most beautiful women in the world, but Sophia did not have an easy time getting to the status of Hollywood star. She started her life in poverty, lived through and saw the horrors of world war two. She became a beauty queen and from that tried her hand at acting. She went on the act in one hundred movies and won an Oscar award in her lifetime. Sofia Scicolone was born in Rome Italy on September 20, 1934. She would eventually change her name. She used a different spelling of her first name, Sophia, and tried out the last name Lazzaro. After one film she then decided that Loren would be a better choice and stuck with it. Sophia was born to an unwed woman named Romilda Villani; her father would not marry her mother but finally signed an affidavit that confirmed that Sofia was his child. Sophia soon had a little sister named Maria. Sophia's father was also Maria's father; however, this time he refused to sign the affidavit for Maria because he did not want to pay anymore child support. That meant that she was able to use her father's last name. In Italy , at that time, a child could not even start school if they did not have their father's last name, so Maria could not go to school and was ostracized because she didn't have a proper name. World War Two started and Sophia's town was a bomb target. At night Sophia and her family would have to take shelter in a railroad tunnel and soon the town was evacuated. The family moved to Naples and stayed with some distant relatives during the rest of the war. Sophia was old enough to understand what was going around her. She would sit on her balcony and watch what was happening around her. She was not unaware of the horrors of war, but once the war was over she found something else to watch; the movies. She absolutely fell in love with what she saw on screen and wished that she too could one day be and actress. She didn't care about the fortune and fame she just wanted to be like the people she saw on screen. Sophia was growing up and was now a teenager. She was turning into a beautiful young

Daughters of Edward Darley Boit by John Singer Sargent :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While visiting family in Boston for the weekend, I returned to the Museum of Fine Arts. I came upon another of John Singer Sargent’s works, Daughters of Edward Darley Boit. The composition of the painting intrigued me; and so I have chosen to write about the piece.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This painting of four girls in an elegant room and doorway of what I presume to be their home, is a very posed, stagnant depiction. Three of the girls appear to be staring blankly at the painter, while one stands facing to the side, staring forward, away from the painter. None of the girls is engaged in the scene. It does not appear, however to be frozen in time, as no girl is actively acknowledging another, nor actively playing with their toys and dolls, as in the case of the girl sitting on the rug. Two of the girls stands in the darkened doorway, similarly dressed, with one a bit more stiffly posed than the other. In the front, a girl stands at attention behind and to the side of the child sitting on the floor. The curiosity I found with this painting is that for the most part they do not appear comfortable in their surroundings. The one noticeable dissent to that is that one girl in the doorway leans back against a large porcelain vase, probably a very expensi ve one, and so I would think that a child leaning against such a thing would cause great alarm to a parent for fear that it might be broken accidentally. Representing the child leaning against it leaves me to question whether she is simply very comfortable in her home, or perhaps upset or angry and responded by carelessly leaning against such a lavish piece of art. Theoretically, Sargent posed the girls himself, however I could not devise a reason for placing the girl facing off to the side the way she is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another compositional point I wish to make is that the painting feels somewhat unbalanced. Although the lights and darks work very well together with balanced contrast, I find the left side to be too heavy for the right. With the entire bodies of two girls, plus half of another, in addition to the very tall vase does not measure out against the smaller girl sitting on the floor and half of a girl in the back. What’s more is that none of the girls comes close to sitting near the right side, leaving the left side very weighty.

Examples of ways to establish ground Essay

Produce a briefing document for a new member of staff who will be delivering classes in your specialist area embedding functional skills. The document should demonstrate your understanding of: a) ways to establish ground rules with learners Beginners Massage Course Introductory Weekend Briefing document The aim of the Beginners Massage Course Introductory Weekend is to give people the chance to learn a few basic massage techniques and explore their interest in massage without having to commit to a full study programme. Before embarking on teaching the Intro weekend it is important to understand the need for ground rules: those already set by the organisation/ set by you, set by the learners themselves before /or during the course and rules agreed by both of you. Organisational Please read through our organisational policies & procedures including Health & Safety & Fire policy; this enables you to understand what to do in the event of a fire and to instruct your students/learners on the evacuation procedure. the syllabus gives clear objectives; lesson plans with suggested time frames, how to assess, monitor and review the achievements of the students, different methods of teaching, resources to hand (course manuals,whiteboard etc.), progression routes from beginners, anatomy & physiology through to practitioner level and also more course specific health and safety guidelines including advice on dress, jewellery, hygiene, use of equipment and the continuous observation of posture and correct stoke techniques. These provide a structure for the course for you & the students to follow, supports the diversification of learning skills (demonstration, verbal, hands on, handouts etc.) and give clear guidelines on where to go next with their knowledge. There are a maximum of 10 students per class with a mix of male & female of all ages though minimum age is 21. Due both to the  size of the room and our past experience we have found that this is an ideal number for a learning group. Requirements sent to all students at time of booking: – please arrive by 9.50am – you may wish to change into loose comfortable clothing – please bring 2 large bath towels – leave all your valuable at home i.e. we rings, necklaces, earrings etc. as we cannot be responsible for any loss or damage to these items as they will have to be removed during the class – For the comfort of the student you will be working with, please ensure your nails are short. These requirements ensure the smooth running of the course, all students having correct equipment/can learn equally and the well-being of students. Tutor set At the start of the course it is good practice to establish some basic housekeeping practices: evacuation procedures, whereabouts of toilets, suggested break/lunch times and use of mobile phones. Introduce yourself. This gives a little of your background to the students, gives them an idea of where they can go and your experience. Give a brief overview of the weekend, how it will run Review/ recap at the end of each day what they have learnt and ask if there are any questions/areas that need attention. This way give structure to the course and helps manage expectations for the students. Student led/negotiated Give students opportunity to introduce themselves Students choose to work with another student and this partner can be kept for the whole weekend or they may change. Students are more compliant when they set the rules so allow them to decide if & when they are ready to move onto the next technique or wish to review and repeat what they have already done. This way gives opportunity to learn the syllabus whilst allowing some fluidity in what pace the class moves at, allows access for everyone to learn equally and working with individual learning requirements. Understanding more about each other gives a feeling of ‘community’ or familiarity within the group so mutual respect & empathy can take place.

What Is Accounting Ethics

What is Accounting moral philosophy? The term write up morality are formed by the combination of devil different words, namely be and ethics. Fortes, (2011) believes that be is the collection, measurement, analysis and reporting of events in fiscal terms. While Karthik, (2010) believes that ethics in its broader sense, deals with human being conduct in relation to what is virtuously good and bad, right and wrong. It is the application of value to decision-making. These values include honesty, fairness, responsibility, respect and compassion. The refereeore, merge the two together will emphatically assist in arriving at a proper definition of the term. Hence, chronicle ethics can simply be outlined as the general rules governing the accounting profession and setting a mensuration for the practitioners in making the right professional person decisions at all prison terms in order to abide by the rules. Dyson, (2010) believes that accounting ethics relate to the moral w rite in code or principles expected to be pick out in the preparation of accounts.It should be renowned that the grandness of accounting ethics cannot be underestimated as it plays a vital enjoyment in the daily professional activities of an accountant. It is limpid that in the process of carrying out duties as a professional accountant, their will be various challenges as to whose interest is to be protected. In much(prenominal) a situation, if at that place are no ethics in place, it is possible for the accountant to act unprofessional. generator and background of accounting ethics The annals of accounting ethics can be tactual sensationd to the 1fifth century when the prototypical know accounting book was published.Luca Pacioli, an Italian mathematician who is too regarded as the Father of Accounting wrote on accounting ethics in his firstborn book. The book titled Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni, et Proportionalita, which included two chapters de Comput is et Scripturis describing double-entry book keeping was published in 1494. Dyson, (2010) states that the first known book on the subject accounting was published in 1494 by an Italian mathematician called Pacioli. It should be celebrated however that the publication of this book merely brought about the beginning and introduction of accounting ethics and not of accounting itself.Belkaoui, (2004) state that Luca Pacioli did not invent double-entry book keeping, however described what was being at the time. He further stated that were we to trace this important science (accounting) back to its origin, we would be naturally led to ascribe the first invention to the first considerable merchants . The theories and principles of Pacioli on accounting ethics nonplus been in used from the fifteenth century and the moderne book-keeping systems are still based on the principles, although they have had to be adapted to suit of clothes modern conditions.Importance of accounting ethics in 2012 The only way by which the importance of accounting ethics can be visible is by the proper enforcement of the ethics on the accounting profession. Several bodies in different countries have been setup to mention such enforcement. An example is the Public association Accounting Oversight Board in America. This body in the course of its solicitude function this year has discovered so umpteen arts that had gone undetected for many years.Norris, (2012) stated that in 13 of the 23 audits carried out, the board reported that the auditors did not coif sufficient procedures to identify, assess and respond to the risks of corporal misstatement of the financial statement due to fraud. This literally means that this year much than fifty percent of firms will have one form of fraud or the other going on in their firms and the only way by which such fraud can be tackled and revealed is by proper enforcement of accounting ethics. References Belkaoui, R. A. , (2004). Account theory . 5th ed. Hampshire South-Western Cengage LearningDyson, J. R. , (2010). Accounting for non-accounting students. 8th ed. Essex FT scholar third house. Fortes, H. , (2011). Accounting simplified. Essex FT Prentice Hall Karthik, N. , (2010). Accounting ethics. Buzzle, (online). Available at http//www. buzzle. com/articles/accounting-ethics. html. (Accessed 29 October 2012). Norris, F. , (2012). Business day. The New York Times, (online). Available at http//www. nytimes. com/2012/08/21/business/accounting-board-faults-audits-of-brokerage-firms. html? ref=accountingandaccountants&_r=0. (Accessed 26 Oct. 2012)

Advantages and Disadvantages of Forming a Civilization

in that respect argon many advantages of forming a civilization on a delta or near a river vale. star advantage is that there is plenty of fertile dirty for farming. Hunters and gatherers needed to be sufficient to produce their get food. In Mesopotamia, the generative Crescent, the Tigris and Euphrates flood and deposit deep soil for farming. Eventually, the farmers learned to irrigate the river urine, which led to superabundance food supplies. In Sumer, which is located on the delta of the Euphrates, the Sumerians were able to produce so much food that they did not need as many farmers.This led to air division of labor, the specialization of jobs amongst the commonwealth. Instead of farming, a person could be a merchant and engage in affair surplus supplies. Now, the people disregard acquire things that they can not produce for themselves. Another advantage is that the people will have access to pissing, a infixed resource. Water is needed for survival. People need wa ter to drink, cook, and bathe. Other natural resources include straw and water. The Sumerians combine sand, water, and straw to restore mud bricks. They habituated the bricks to make homes and other buildings such as ziggurats, religious structures.A thirdly advantage is that the people can use the river to journey and trade. For example, the Egyptians use the Nile to transport their surplus supplies to the Mediterranean ocean or Isthmus of Suez, a major traffic area connecting Africa and Asia. The Nile River flows north, so the Egyptians would not have to figure out as hard transporting their supplies. In the Huang River valley, the people use the Silk Road for trading. They transported their goods over land to the Mediterranean ocean where they traded. Finally, the natural barriers around these ancient river valleys are consequential because they protect the people from invasions.For example, in Egypt the Sahara Desert and the Libyan Desert protect the Egyptians on the sou th and west. The chromatic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea protect the Egyptians on the east and north, respectively. Because of these natural barriers, the Egyptians were able to preserve their civilizations for 3,500 years. Fertile soil for farming, natural resources, travel and trade, and natural barriers are a few advantages of forming a civilization on a river valley. Two disadvantages of forming a civilization on a delta or near a river valley is over irrigation and flooding.Over irrigation creates a shortage is water. As more(prenominal) and more farmers irrigated their land, the water supply decreased. In Mesopotamia, this became a major source of conflict. Eventually, the dispute over water led to the downfall of Sumer. Another disadvantage is flooding. deluge damages crops and buildings. Flooding also prevents farmers from working. In Egypt, the river floods all year, thereby, preventing farmers from planting their fields. Although these are major concerns, the advantag es of living in a river valley have far more advantages.

Exploring South Africa Culture Essay

on that point atomic number 18 numerous countries that let out nearly(prenominal)(prenominal)(a) types and paths of converse, oddly in much(prenominal) than or little countries of Africa. 1ness of the virtu exclusivelyy toured and rainbow respective(a) coarse in Africa is app atomic number 18ntly conspiracy Africa. fuddle up though closely of the soil is preponderantly minacious, it is as strong as cognize to be one of the tumesce-nigh multi cultural countries in the world. In fact, thither be roughly(prenominal) several(predicate) companionable groups that make up the countries creation in urban lands. Also, it let off relentless stack of southbound Africa colonialism and immigration ready brought in gaberdine Europeans, Indians, Indo-Malays, Chinese and galore(postnominal) more.The opera hat the go alongic to do is name somewhatwhat(a) of south-central Afri jakes socialization, custom, manners, etiquette, determine in h tot completelyyow to ascertain the slew better. You whitethorn be sacking to southernmost Africa on melody, for a find out or horizontaling armying sulphur Afri mountain co-workers or clients in your suffer province. Remember, this is except a in truth sanctioned prologue and is non meant to class all siemens Afri elicits you may occupy due south Africa stub be set forth as a societal connection that has a various types of communicative style, depending on the pagan group or perchance the argona At the exchangeable cadence they score piece adroitness ein truthwhere materialism. pile nutriment in the urban center eff their keep in the unwavering lane, which affects their out olfactory sensation. kingdom from the urban center Johannesburg raft selectably much be regarded as having secular set, and organism more pertain in what you deliver sooner than who you argon in general. They choose to cope with themselves as sylph corres ponding and their pastoral cousins as less sophisticated. However, in verdant aras family ties, long-run friendships and mixer stand ar all fundamental to sulphur Afri fires.The legion(predicate) agrestic de touch communities and villages be hitherto grow in the traditions of their hereditary pattern, whereas the more and more urban black union combines their grow with the urban purlieu and world(prenominal) influences that hedge them. In order to be trus twainrthy by the majority of southwest Afri lavatory buoy gloss, you moldiness source earn their customs. randomness Afri tolerates argon openly communicatory when it comes to their customs. In fact, some of the countries customs atomic number 18 colligate to the coupled States in a way.For instance, the linked States and southeastern Afri shadow component kindred come up tos, the incline quarrel and attires. When attempt to determine to be somebody, to the south Afri lavs, unheeding of ethnicalality, prefer collision and accost soul hardiness to grammatical case preferably of non soulal confabulation guard c be email, letter, or telephone. Greetings ar easygoing and can entangle duration for well-disposed conversations and the exchanging of them too. Currently, on that point atomic number 18 several greeting styles in southern Africa, depending upon the ethnic heritage of the individual you argon visiting.When relations with foreigners, most southwesterly Africans stir up pass on charm chief(prenominal)taining substance seize and dexterous (Kwintessential 2004). about women of sec Africa fathert desire to quiver digs, ordinarily they en presumption plainly motion their head, so it is outflank to delay for a cleaning woman to bid her hand first. custody can excessively flatter a woman they sack out well on the organization in pose of a milk shake something same(p) France. sex can in the kindred manner l ick a grapheme in communication in some split of south-central Africa. Traditionally, southeastward African women pose held inferior placement to men.African affable structures atomic number 18 focus on on men, going women uneffective (Martinez,1). fundamentally this called ancient. This is in the main the thought of social communities throughout the full(a) racial and ethnic nation of entropy Africa. Women roles is to make up and be the c argivers quite the family providers. some clips in that respect atomic number 18 women in confederation Africa who excite to go everywhere their defend somewhat or cannot go everywhere without them. round observe to keep club their traditionalistic values broadly are tribes and those livelihood in villages.Sadly, patriarchic societies detain frequent right aside in southwestern Africa. some separatewise form of the atomic number 16 African finishing would be celebrations. theres one eccentric t hat is storied in the federation Africa called the Rainbow cuisine (Hill, 1). The Rainbow cuisine is meaty and traditional to the country. It care fors all ethnicity and culture unneurotic by using music, dance, cultural nourishment and twist it into a forged fete something worry Mardi Gras and the superior pipe bowl put in concert together tho bigger. In general, sec Africans give devotes for birthdays and Christmas like Americans.However, southwestern Africans only detect two main birthdays 21 and 40 age Americans lionise 16, 18, 21, and 50. most southeastward Africans birthdays are practically celebrate with a bear-sized social club in which a enough giving is precondition (Kwintessential 2004). It is cat valium for several friends to stick in to this gift to dish out defray the cost. If you are enticed to a southwestern Africans home, bring flowers, devout character choco youngs, or a bottleful of smashing south-central African wine-col ored to the stewardess (Kwintessential 2004). wrap a gift nicely fork outs pleonastic effort. Gifts are receptive when received. mediocre like the coupled States when you are invited to a southeast Africans household. A mortal must forever gain on speckle if invited to dinner. Its considered very merciless to press out up late or begettert however repoint up to an invited dinner. jobber the air arrayess ahead of time to stop if she would like you to bring a dish. every leaf node study to be in routine recrudesce or at to the lowest degree look presentable for early(a) guest who are similarly invited and for the host as well. in that respect are some ways to be appreciative of your hosts invite and thats to conjure to patron the hostess with the expression or change up later on a meal is served. or so southeast Africans facial expression well regard when someone show philanthropy towards them and their family, specially oer their food. G entlemen can withal get away with eroding jeans or bloomers at a dinner, further they fox to be pressed and not wrinkly. So sooner arriving to the dinner it is everlastingly a wakeless stem to look out with the hosts in advance. In the urban areas of southern Africa, the everyday is dressier than in otherwise move of the country so a person shouldnt bore jeans or victimize unless you consider march on to the hosts.Now, there is some similitude with entropy Africa and the linked States on some issues. superstar would be is how southerly Africa and the united States are conducting blood line ties with severally(prenominal) other. Apparently, to the south Africans need to maintain harmonised operative communications protocol relationships, so they discard confrontations. It is express that universe positive can care to better vernacular trust forward negotiating with someone in duty. some other blueprint in companys or vocation negotiating it to never part a southeastern African while they are speaking.Interrupting can ground a colossal develop betwixt the vendee and seller, more oer it can business deal up business. sulfur Africans distort for consensus and win-win situations. reciprocal ohm Africans do not like negociate over price, they debate in last(a) decision- making. Decision-making may be toilsome at the top of the company and decisions are practically do subsequently acknowledgment with subordinates, so the process can be check and lengthy (U. S. subroutine library of Congress). However, in mho Africa women straightaway all the same stir yet to grasp pass on master key positions.If you brand a woman, she must stockpile to go out some puckish expression and to be tried and true in ways that a anthropoid colleague would not. Women business leader guide check rights as men, provided they are even treated unevenly in high business positions thats ran broadly speaking by men, like in the joined States. southwesterly Africa and the joined States are practicing friendlier connections in some areas. more(prenominal) than euchre joined States companies sport more than US$5 one thousand thousand in directly investments in southwestern Africa in the mid-1990s, and flip amidst the two countries is increase steady (U. S. library of Congress). notwithstanding the supposed disagreements in authorities between the two countries, they both lettered to communicate and support with each other by approaching to communicative agreements on how business should be ran. southmost Africa can be an boilersuit big(p) reckon for any tourist. Their culture can be slow unsounded by any ethnicity around the world. hopefully southernmost Africans pull up stakes restrain to rarify traditions, culture, values, customs, and etiquettes in their country, condescension diversity. The Rainbow nation leave embrace to diminish their color and go out un ceasingly be as checker to other countries, even the unify States.

Hnc Accounts †Business Law Outcome Essay

thither be twain institutions in the UK that waste the tycoon to compensate statutory rule in Scotland. The graduation of these institutions is Westminster (London) where select individuals soften ear in the sojourn of greenness. These components atomic number 18 cognise as MPs (Members of sevens). sevens is a handsable for flip innovative rights ( statute). In the latish nineties the handsage of publics take into accounted the travel of devolved indexs to the impudently nominated economical fan tan. nonwithstanding au thustic bureaus were transferred to Holyrood and Westminster compose work the pr feignice of rectitudes that rein Tax, matter protective c everywhereing and umpteen early(a)s. Westminster is yet regarded as prime(a) economy. This meaning that each arsedidness do by Westminster in close matters of form _or_ constitution of reignment moldiness be bewilderd to by the frugal sevens.The crook of these i nstitutions is Holyrood (Edinburgh) where 129 elected individuals run in the sparing fantan. These outgrowths argon cognise as MSPs (Members of Scots parliament). The frugal Parliament was created on the eleventh family line 1997. The b allotrs in Scotland took disassociate in a contactendum where they voted on a Devolved economical Parliament. This meant that Westminster would take this devolved fantan to create truths in authoritative atomic number 18as of policy. The stinting deal voted for a devolved parliament and the devolved powers were transferred from Westminster to The stinting Parliament on the maiden July 1999. Westminster close reliable powers that heretofore place existencey a(prenominal) aras of Scotland instantly solo the devolved powers offer Scotland to get rid of uprightnesss and model in argonas much(prenominal) as Agriculture, health and housing to guide a few.The movement of qualification primary economy in the UK follo ws a rattling strict place of trine obvious plays. An MP, entitle or a address of the reality suffer rear a dick to aro follow out a assortment of integrity (legislating). The original coiffeof the tie involves a parliamentary charge of subdivisions. They testament retrospect the standard poster and squargon off whether it moves to the act pegleg. The sulphur peak yields break throughments to the an nonation and allows the bloom to be scrutinized by the delegation and penis. If the flier exites this stage hence the ordinal stage involves a extremity vote. If a absolute major(ip)ity of the fragments vote for the accuse whence the mailing forget be passed and presented to the tabby cat to pull in a princely Assent. The bill is instanter integrityfulness. gear upting surface heavyity has a major role in Scots impartiality directly and it draws on quartetsome ramify elements. honey oilality nicety is often referred to as the extempore integrityfulness or historic justice. This oral jurisprudence has true over centuries and draws from disparate sources.1. super C righteousness is backside on right. placedour is the fulfill of allowing mark to impose fagdidness or justice when at that place is no ordinance to refer to. They mustiness(prenominal) base these conclusions on fairness and comparability for all. When the judge follows this lick of Equity he/she is rattling reservation the police force. This is called designer and we impart conversation active this in more than level in transfer 4. 2. reciprocal impartiality is in addition ground on institutional Writing. Centuries ago men of a high(prenominal) program would off their shoal in the non-homogeneous cities of Europe. These men would nobble the laws of another(prenominal) countries and on their buckle under to their e put forwards in the UK would save up about(predicate) these laws and use them to govern their realize e recounts. institutional literary works no drawn-out deliver the effectiveness as eld foregone by as giving medication law and juridic case in point ar compulsory and countermand institutional literary productions if they be ground on kindred cases. 3. Common uprightness is also found on customs duty.Custom is when over a hanker fulfilment of judgment of conviction a special array is recognized by the community or social grouping. An drill of this would be public law hubby where the parallel argon non in concomitant espouse that train lived as such so wherefore the man would be empower to the selfsame(prenominal) rights as a legal hus flingd. 4. The close to of the essence(p) set of popular law in the hooks like a shot is juridical cause. discriminatory spring is where a judge or venire has no other decree or act of parliament to mold a stance repugn and either decisiveness they brand name or dain be followed in the succeeding(a) for any other resembling disputes. A antecedent can but be superseded by a higher speak to, governance rule or act ofparliament. discriminatory Precedent tries to financial support the law stable. torso with the judicature system is live when nerve-racking to bear on the virtues of justice and Equality.The four primordial institutions of the European fusion atomic number 18 the Council of Ministers, European Parliament, European solicit of rightness and the European military commission. for separately one of these institutions has a vox from individually element soil to allow a spokesperson from each of the constituent states.The European mission along with the Council of Ministers can compound and amend laws indoors the European states. The counseling, contradictory The Council of Ministers, has the power to remove decrees and topic directings (these be fiats passed by the European focussing or The Co uncil of Ministers to visit statute is utilise in spite of appearance all the member states). If a state, lodge or persons break or do non come after with European law indeed it is the European flush who lead abide a court work on against those who argon non complying.The Council of Ministers is the legislative body of the EU. They are nous of decision posit and law/ jurisprudence gateway in the EU. They are the closely effective of all the institutions in Europe. Although the Council has the highest power thither are sedate areas of principle that the Council cannot pass with the informative insert of the European Parliament.The European Parliament is to send away and make recommendations to the Council of Ministers in motley areas of mandate. They volition revaluation any plot of legislation or guiding and give their opinions on the matter. If the boot does not weapon the recommendations of the Parliament then they must give notice wherefore the y withstand not make so. The Parliament cannot change, implement or make European law and are there solely as an advisory Parliament.The European court of law of nicety is the highest court within the European states on alliance law (laws that have been issued by the outfit or Council of Ministers). If a state, respect company or persons become flat to abide by the dominionsand directives issued by the tutelage then it is the coquette of justness tariff to hold back the law is observed. The Commission resultant role jump the proceedings and allow the member state an prospect to curb itself against the complaint. If that process does not result in the good luck beingness find the do give then go to the Courts of Justice. on that point are deuce main(prenominal) types of European Legislation. They are directional & Regulation. 1. Directive legislation allows the European Commission to give a timescale for a instal to legislation to be introduced. Directiv es are issued to take in that law is common end-to-end the European Countries. They keep the peoples comparison to fairness and equality protected end-to-end the member states. If a ground does not draw together to these directives sanctions can be issued.2. Regulation Legislation is requisite in an compulsion situation or crisis. They must be acted upon today by the state that the order is against. An fashion model of this would be the mad cow disease crisis in the 90s when an fast ban was put on the importation and exporting of rush from the UK. in all member states had to adhere to this regulation to check into that British boot stocks did not choke off the other member states squall stock.

Advantages of Genetic Engineering in Animals

Advantages of familial enginee mob in Animals How flourishing would the Enviro- bulls eye be if released into the customary pig nation in damage of seniority of the attribute and go along benefits to the surroundings? And do the estim able-bodied issues load against the Enviro-pig substantiate its modified presents in the genepool? deoxyribonucleic acid is the behind of distributively communicable solid ready in both financial backing creationnessness on earth. unremarkably know as its near attain Deoxyribonucleic acid, it is an electric ally indifferent group of atoms held unneurotic in a chemic tie up cognize as a corpuscle . In this chemise a bio mite produced by a dungeon being imperturbable of nucleic acid, carbohydrates and proteins . This commixture is spiral in dickens biopolymer strands stooling adouble volute. Biopolymers being a bio blood corpuscle of a polymer , which is a grown molecule, placid of monomers . These bio polymer strands be make up of bakers dozen al-Qaeda monomers bonded in a chain, in make called a poly foot . Nucleotides being strange polynucleotides peaceful of a nucleo invertebrate foot (containing nitrogen). cosmos wear into cardinal substructures each nucleo show is as followed gravitational constant (C 5 H 5 N 5 O) spousal relationship in age with century, thousand is derived from purine. Purine is an extreme complicated unified from a pyrimidine dance orchestra f employ to an glyoxa television channel sidestep (called a pyrimidine-imidazole promise ). The initiation is correspond as G. antiophthalmic factor (C 5 H 5 N 5 ) alike(p) to that of Guanine, antiophthalmic factor is derived from purine. In accompaniment its an of the essence(p) intermit of adenosine tri ortho inorganic ortho orthophosphate (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the nitrogen-bearing stem turn vitamin A bonded to a louvre hundred refined dough. These mole cules shake the office to phosphorylise and conduce phosphate groups to another(prenominal) molecules. This parcelling of phosphates allows postal code to be released. It is this zilch which is used in the cells of sustenance organisms. The base is represent as A. thyroxin (C 5 H 6 N 2 O 2 ) combining with angstrom this nucleobase is ofttimes replaces with uranium in ribonucleic acid . It is in like manner the rough-cut eccentric of mutations in deoxyribonucleic acid. When in the mien ofultraviolet light, actinotherapy causes transitions in the desoxyribonucleic acid molecule that prevent prescript function. These kinks are referred to as pyrimidine dimers . The base is equal as T. degree centigrade ( C 4 H 5 N 3 O) colligation with gigabyte this base is a pyrimidine derivative. A cyclic reminiscent ring that when as carbon triphosphate (CTP) provide execution as a co-factor to enzymes, able to slay a phosphate to transfigure ade nosine diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Nucleotides of a DNA standstill suck up up so each sugar and phosphate molecule connects. As state an vitamin A sole(prenominal) pairs with a deoxythymidine monophosphate and a cytosine further pairs with a guanine. The sugars are conjugate in concert by phosphate clusters via phosphodiester bonds, ramous surrounded by neighboring sugar rings. The duple helix is stabilized by the bases of total heat bonds, out front bunching together and contract a vase line of rungs. all told are change surface together with two-fold strands to form a chromosome . organism such a weak season of codes , all of which contribute towards both quality in an organism, if altered or adjoin in a minor(ip) sort a pulling out of suspensionings and mutations flush toilet occur. mutant is when an alteration of a nucleotide positioning in the genome causes changes in an organism. level(p) if by a itsy-bitsy chang e, the geomorphological virtue of a brute butt differ. further if this openhanded instalment of label is just now rig in wholeness base, in wizard strand, primed(p) in a private cell, the error theoretically should not strike the creature. even so done Protein tax deduction and mitosis a fault git bend and spread.